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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Jersey (2003)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Jersey (2003)

 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)Jersey (2003)
 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)Jersey
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (British crown dependency)
Age structure 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
0-14 years: 17.8% (male 8,292; female 7,744)


15-64 years: 67.2% (male 30,178; female 30,410)


65 years and over: 15% (male 5,858; female 7,674) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products
Airports 5 (2002) 1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


under 914 m: 3 (2002)
-
Area total: 12,173 sq km


land: 12,173 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
total: 116 sq km


land: 116 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population 10.44 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $66.2 million


expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
revenues: $601 million


expenditures: $588 million, including capital expenditures of $98 million (2000 est.)
Capital Stanley Saint Helier
Climate cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate temperate; mild winters and cool summers
Coastline 1,288 km 70 km
Constitution 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey


conventional short form: Jersey
Currency Falkland pound (FKP) British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 9.17 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $NA none
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina British crown dependency
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (British crown dependency)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (British crown dependency)
Disputes - international claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force none
Economic aid - recipient none none
Economy - overview The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost. The economy is based largely on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1996 the finance sector accounted for about 60% of the island's output. Tourism, another mainstay of the economy, accounts for 24% of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven.
Electricity - consumption 15.19 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France
Electricity - production 16.33 million kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 143 m
Environment - current issues overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster NA
Ethnic groups British UK and Norman-French descent
Exchange rates Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998); the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA)


cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshall Sir John CHESHIRE (since 24 January 2001) and Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since NA February 1995)


cabinet: committees appointed by the Assembly of the States


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
Exports NA (2001) $NA
Exports - commodities wool, hides, meat light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles
Exports - partners Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002) UK
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 April - 31 March
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag and in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield holding the three lions of England in yellow
GDP purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 5%


industry: 2%


services: 93% (1996)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $24,800 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% NA%
Geographic coordinates 51 45 S, 59 00 W 49 15 N, 2 10 W
Geography - note deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier
Highways total: 440 km


paved: 50 km


unpaved: 390 km (2002)
total: 577 km


paved: NA km


unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports NA (2001) $NA
Imports - commodities fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals
Imports - partners UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002) UK
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (British crown dependency)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries fish and wool processing; tourism tourism, banking and finance, dairy
Infant mortality rate total: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
total: 5.43 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.8 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.6% (1998) 4.7% (1998)
International organization participation ICFTU -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) NA
Irrigated land NA sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff)
Labor force 1,100 (est.) 57,050 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)
arable land: NEGL%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages English English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts
Legal system English common law English law and local statute; justice is administered by the Royal Court
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor


elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
unicameral Assembly of the States (55 voting members - 12 senators (elected for 6-year terms), 12 constables or heads of parishes (elected for 3-year terms), 29 deputies (elected for 3-year terms); the bailiff and the deputy bailiff; and 3 non-voting members - the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General all appointed by the monarch)


elections: last held NA (next to be held NA)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 52
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
total population: 78.93 years


male: 76.48 years


female: 81.57 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France
Map references South America Europe
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 12 NM


territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) none (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)
Nationality noun: Falkland Islander(s)


adjective: Falkland Island
noun: Channel Islander(s)


adjective: Channel Islander
Natural hazards strong winds persist throughout the year NA
Natural resources fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss arable land
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population 2.77 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders none; all independents none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 2,967 (July 2003 est.) 90,156 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 2.44% (2003 est.) 0.4% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Stanley


note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988
Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways 0 km 0 km
Religions primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: 3 submarine cables
Telephones - main lines in use NA 65,500 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA 4,400 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)


note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
2 (1997)
Terrain rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman 1.57 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate full employment; labor shortage 0.7% (1998 est.)
Waterways none none
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